Feature Selection

The predictor variables used by each published model, grouped into demographic, clinical, and radiological categories. Click any row for the full extraction record.

Showing 54 of 54 models
StudyYearContextOutcome PredictedDemographicClinicalRadiological
Schouten et al.2025
Surveillance
Tumour GrowthMRI Radiomic Features: (1) Ktrans and (2) ve.
Stastna et al.2025
Surveillance
Tumour GrowthAge SexTumour Volume Hannover Grade Tumour Morphology (e.g. cystic)
Chen et al.2024
Surveillance
Tumour GrowthSerial contrastenhanced T1 MRI volumes (3D tumour masks registered and cropped around the tumour)
Wang et al.2023
Surveillance
Tumour GrowthMRI Radiomic Features (included features not specified)
Itoyama et al.2022
Surveillance
Tumour GrowthAgeTumour Length MRI Radiomics: Minimum signal intensity, inverse difference moment normalized (Idmn).
Hentschel et al.2021
Surveillance
Tumour GrowthBalance complaints Tinnitus Time since onset of symptomsKoos grade Intrameatal diameter
Varughese et al.2012
Surveillance
Tumour GrowthSerial volumetric data
Timmer et al.2011
Surveillance
Tumour GrowthSudden sensorineural hearing loss Balance symptoms Short (<2 years) vs long duration (>2 years) hearing lossLocation (intrameatal vs extrameatal)
Cornelissen et al.2026
Surveillance
Tumour GrowthRadiomic features (Baseline T2weighted MRI radiomics; DCEMRI radiomics from Ktrans, ve and vp parameter maps; tumour volume at diagnosis)
Gadot et al.2022
Surveillance
Need for Intervention (SRS or Surgery)Age Sex HospitalNew or progressive symptoms Recurrent tumour status Hydrocephalus Prior treatment Encounter numberTumour location (IAC/CPA/IAC+CPA) Maximum tumour dimension Fundal cap Koos grade Brainstem involvement (“Koos_half”), brainstem compression (“Koos_worst”).
Bossi Zanetti et al.2023
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Tumour GrowthAge SexSymptoms Chronic disease Cranial nerve (V/VII) deficit Hearing grade Prior surgeryTumour laterality intra/extracanalicular extent Total dose Fractionation Isodose.
George Jones et al.2021
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Tumour GrowthMRI Radiomic features: 55 radiomic features extracted via pyradiomics (v3.0): 13 shape features, 18 firstorder intensity features, 24 GLCM texture features.
Shi et al.2021
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Recurrence / RegrowthGene expression of collagen genes (COL5A1, COL3A1, COL4A1, COL15A1)
Yang et al.2021
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Regression vs Non-Response vs Pseudoprogression5 radiomic features extracted
Langenhuizen et al.2020
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Tumour EnlargementMRI Radiomic features: firstorder statistics, Minkowski functionals (MFs), and threedimensional graylevel cooccurrence matrices (GLCMs).
Langenhuizen et al.2020
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Tumour ControlMRI Radiomic features • Firstorder statistics (20 features) • Minkowski functionals (4) • Graylevel cooccurrence matrices (GLCM, 4 features × param. variations) • Graylevel size zone matrix (GLSZM, 13 features) Extracted from T1, T1+C, and T2 MRIs.
Hildrew et al.2024
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Hearing FunctionAge SexBaseline hearing status / AAOHNS hearing class; pure tone average; word recognition score; time since CK SRSMaximum linear tumour dimension; tumour volume by 3D segmental volumetric analysis; fundal cap distance
Senova et al.2016
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Trigeminal NeuropathyTumour volume, AP diameter, SRS dosimetrics: (1) Volume of the cisternal portion o the Vth nerve receiving at least 11Gy (2) Volume of the cisternal portion of CN V and (3) maximum dose in the intraaxial portion (Gy)
Meeks et al.2000
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Facial or Trigeminal NeuropathyBrainstem dose–volume histogram (DVH) parameters; maximum and mean brainstem dose; tumour and brainstem volume; partial brainstem volume irradiated; prescribed peripheral dose.
Fenton et al.2002
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionIntraoperative neuromonitoring (MIMAE)Tumour size
Song et al.2025
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionRadiomic features extracted from preoperative 3DT2 and 3DFLAIR MRI: 107 features initially (shapebased, firstorder histogram, GLCM, GLDM, GLRLM, GLSZM, NGTDM)
Zohdy et al.2024
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionProximaltodistal amplitude values from neuromonitoring channels (×5)
Fujita et al.2026
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionFFC sign, Subtype of CPA cisternal component, Cyst classification
Fujita et al.2025
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionKoos Grade Fundal Fluid Cap sign Morphological Subtype (Anterior vs Posterior)
Wang et al.2023
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionAge Sex BMISurgical strategy (not clarified)Tumour diameter 13x Radiomic Features extracted from 4 MRI sequences (T1, T2, T1+C, T2FLAIR) CSF Cap sign
Shi et al.2024
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionFundal Fluid Cap (FFC) sign Cerebrispinal Fluid Cleft (CSFC) sign Tumour size Expansion of IAC
Yu et al.2023
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve Function & Degree of Tumour ResectionTumour diameter (axial, sagittal, coronal), volume, surface area, Koos grade, Samii grade, tumour shape, cystic/solid property, brain tissue oedema (T2/FLAIR).
Heman-Ackah et al.2024
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionAge BMICase durationFour tumour measurements (A–D) representing linear dimensions along the posterior petrous bone, porus acusticus and brainstem axes.
Wang J. et al.2022
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionAge SexPreoperative facial grade (HB I–VI); cerebellar symptoms (Y/N); posterior group neurological symptoms (Y/N)Tumour size, tumour morphology (cystic/solid), brainstem compression, IAC shape, TFIAC grading, Samii grading
Isaacson et al.2003
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionMean proximal threshold; proximaltodistal CMAP amplitude ratio
Przepiorka et al.2024
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionAge Sex Year of surgeryShortterm facial nerve function; intraoperative difficulties; first symptom; preoperative ABR; preoperative Samii hearing scale; intraoperative use of nimodipine; duration of symptoms; tinnitus; dizziness; cerebellar signs; reason for diagnosis; histopathology; Samii grading scale; surgical position; postoperative complications; surgeon; hearing loss; neuromonitoring; preserved hearing after surgery; surgical approach; trigeminal nerve signs; preoperative headache; preoperative hydrocephalus; any previous treatment; preoperative House–Brackmann gradeTumour volume (mm³) Facial nerve dislocation pattern Internal auditory canal (IAC) widening Tumour structure (solid vs cystic)
Harris et al.2024
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionImmediate postoperative HB grade; intraoperative facial nerve EMG response (≥100 µV vs <100 µV)Maximum tumour diameter (≤25 mm vs >25 mm).
Ma et al.2025
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionAge, GenderPreoperative House Brackman Grade, IONM (finaltobaseline amplitude ratio (FBR) of mentalis FNMEP)
Zohdy et al.2024
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionProximaltodistal amplitude values from neuromonitoring channels (×5)
Di Perna et al.2023
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionFacial nerve IONM threshold; delta thresholdTumour size Samii Classification Morphology (cystic vs solid)
Rivas et al.2011
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionRate of postoperative facial nerve recovery; initial HB gradeTumour Size
Fenton et al.2002
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionImmediate postoperative HB grade
Feghali et al.2025
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionChronic Kidney Disease; Stimulation frequency at the end of surgeryTumour Size (maximal diameter)
Lu et al.2024
Surgery
Post-op Hearing FunctionPreoperative PTATumour Size Tumour Origin
Yang et al.2023
Surgery
Post-op Hearing FunctionAgeHypertension; diabetes; other illnesses; symptom count; medication adherence; preoperative hearing class (AAOHNS)Tumour position, size, cystic status, shape of internal auditory canal, Samii grade, TFIAC grade,
Dixon et al.2022
Surgery
Post-op Hearing FunctionAge, Sex, Ethnicity/Race, BMI, Smoking status, Marital and employment statusHypertension; diabetes; sleep apnoea; mood disorder; migraine; preoperative symptoms (hearing loss, tinnitus, dizziness, facial symptoms); gait metrics (Dynamic Gait Index, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, walking speed)Tumour size (transverse, AP, craniocaudal), Koos grade, growth rate, fundal CSF cap, tumour position relative to IAC midline (anterior/superior proportions).
Cha et al.2020
Surgery
Post-op Hearing FunctionSurgical approach; audiometric and vestibular function tests (PTA, WRS, SDT, MCL, ABR latency, VEMP asymmetry ratio, caloric canal paresis)Largest diameter of the tumour
Dichter et al.2024
Surgery
Unplanned Re-operation & ComplicationsAge Others not explicitly statedNot explicitly stated – total of 110 pre, intra and postoperative variables (excluding radiological). Known examples: length of stay; days to discharge; time from preop bloods to operation; operative time; age; ASA class; hypertension; serum albumin
Suresh et al.2023
Surgery
Post-op DizzinessAge SexPreoperative headache; dizziness; hydrocephalus; CSF leak; House–Brackmann grade; completeness of resection; infection; need for physical therapy on discharge; vestibular medications; vestibular comorbidity; systemic comorbidities; surgical approachTumour Size (extrameatal diameter)
Tang et al.2022
Surgery
In-hospital outcomes: mortality, perioperative complications, routine discharge, postoperative length of stay, total length of stay, and hospital costs.AgePreoperative cranial nerve palsies; diabetes; hypertensionHydrocephalus
Smith et al.2021
Surgery
Post-op Surgical ComplicationsAge, Sex, EthnicityHearing loss (recent ≤2 years vs longstanding >2 years); vestibular dysfunction (Y/N); headache; tinnitus; facial numbness; comorbidity score (ACE27)Tumour size category (< 1.5 cm, 1.5–2.5 cm, > 2.5 cm).
Macielak et al.2022
Surgery
Extent of resection: GTR vs NTR/STRAgeTumour size (maximum extrameatal diameter, intracanalicular length, total diameter), fundal fluid cap sign
Zhang et al.2022
Surgery
Recurrence Free Survival (need for further treatment or tumour regrowth >5mm)AgeExtent of resection; Ki67 level
De Boer et al.2022
Surgery
Post-op Tumour RecurrenceAgePreoperative rate of tumour growth First postoperative MRI outcome
Song et al.2021
Surgery
Intraoperative Tumour Vascularity12 radiomic texture features from T1WI, T2WI, T2FLAIR, and T1CE MRI sequences (e.g. GLCM, GLRLM, GLSZM, GLDMderived metrics).
Abouzari et al.2020
Surgery
Self-reported tumour recurrence after treatmentYears since treatment; type of surgeon; resection amount (GTR vs STR/NTR); posttreatment complications (incomplete eye closure; dry eye; diplopia; facial pain; seizure; swallowing/voice problems)
Russel et al.2017
Surgery
Post-op CSF leakAge; sexBMI; duration of surgery
Guan et al.2025
Surgery
Post-op Facial Nerve FunctionIntraoperative neuromonitoring; 3-month postoperative House–Brackmann gradeTumour size; tumour morphology (cystic/solid)
Wei et al.2025
Mixed management
Overall survivalAge; Sex; RaceTumour size; Surgery; Radiation